Supplements for Endurance Athletes - Jose Antonio and Jeffrey Stout

Supplements for Endurance Athletes

by Jose Antonio and Jeffrey Stout

Paperback, 2002

NEW, 136 pages

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About Supplements for Endurance Athletes

In Supplements for Endurance Athletes, you can cut through all the hype and find the information you need on 20 top supplements. Find out which supplements to use—and which to avoid—to maximize your advantage. You’ll learn what the supplements are, how they work, how to use them, and the precautions necessary for safe and healthy use. Some of the supplements detailed include

• branched-chain amino acids,
  
• coenzyme Q10,
  
• carnitine,
  
• glycerol, 
  
• glutamine, 
  
• caffeine and ephedrine,
  
• ginseng, and
  
• sodium citrate.

About Jose Antonio

Jose Antonio, PhD, is a well-published research scientist in the sports nutrition field. He holds a BS in biology from the American University, an MS in exercise physiology from Kent State University, and a PhD in endocrinology and metabolism from the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center. Antonio has years of experience in the supplement industry. His current position is senior manager for category development at Active Nutrition. He has also published articles in Men's Fitness, Flex, and Muscle and Fitness magazines. He and his wife, Karla, live in Deerfield Beach, Florida.

About Jeffrey Stout

Jeffrey R. Stout, PhD, is the director of sport science for Nutricia. Considered one of a few experts in sports nutrition, he is widely published in scientific journals such as the Journal of Strength and Conditioning and has also published articles in Men's Fitness, Flex, and Muscle and Fitness magazines. He has been awarded the Young Investigator Award and the Editorial Excellence Award by the National Strength and Conditioning Association. He resides in Boca Raton, Florida.

About Triathlons

A triathlon is a multi-sport event involving the completion of three continuous and sequential endurance events. While many variations of the sport exist, triathlon, in its most popular form, involves swimming, cycling, and running in immediate succession over various distances. Triathletes compete for fastest overall course completion time, including timed "transitions" between the individual swim, bike, and run components.

Triathlon races vary in distance. According to the International Triathlon Union, and USA Triathlon, the main international race distances are Sprint distance (750 m swim, 20 km bike, 5 km run), Intermediate (or Standard) distance, commonly referred to as "Olympic distance" (1.5 km swim, 40 km ride, 10 km run), the Long Course (1.9 km swim, 90 km ride, 21.1 km run, such as the Half Ironman), and Ultra Distance (3.8 km swim, 180 km ride, and a marathon: 42.2 km run); the most recognized branded Ultra Distance is the Ironman triathlon. A triathlon is a multi-sport event involving the completion of three continuous and sequential endurance events. While many variations of the sport exist, triathlon, in its most popular form, involves swimming, cycling, and running in immediate succession over various distances. Triathletes compete for fastest overall course completion time, including timed "transitions" between the individual swim, bike, and run components.

Triathlon races vary in distance. According to the International Triathlon Union, and USA Triathlon, the main international race distances are Sprint distance (750 m swim, 20 km bike, 5 km run), Intermediate (or Standard) distance, commonly referred to as "Olympic distance" (1.5 km swim, 40 km ride, 10 km run), the Long Course (1.9 km swim, 90 km ride, 21.1 km run, such as the Half Ironman), and Ultra Distance (3.8 km swim, 180 km ride, and a marathon: 42.2 km run); the most recognized branded Ultra Distance is the Ironman triathlon.

Transition areas are positioned both between the swim and bike segments (T1), and between the bike and run segments (T2) and are where the switches from swimming to cycling and cycling to running occur. These areas are used to store bicycles, performance apparel, and any other accessories needed for preparing for the next stage of the race. The time spent in T1 and T2 is included in the overall time of the race. Transitions areas can vary in size depending on the number of participants expected for the race. In addition, these areas provide a social headquarters prior to the race.

The nature of the sport focuses primarily on persistent and often periodized training in each of the three disciplines, as well as combination workouts and general strength conditioning.

Triathlon is considered by some to have its beginnings in 1920s France. According to triathlon historian and author Scott Tinley (and others), the origin of triathlon is attributed to a race during the 1920s–1930s that was called variously "Les trois sports", "La Course des Débrouillards", and "La course des Touche à Tout". This race is held every year in France near Joinville-le-Pont, in Meulan and Poissy.

An earlier tri-sport event in 1902 featured running, cycling, and canoeing. There are documented tri-sport events featuring running, swimming, & cycling (not necessarily in that order) in 1920, 1921, 1945, and the 1960s. In 1920, the French newspaper L´Auto reported on a competition called "Les Trois Sports" with a 3 km run, 12 km bike, and a swim across the channel Marne. Those three parts were done without any break. Another event was held in 1921 in Marseilles with the order of events bike-run-swim. Among the participants was American athlete Charles Sector. There are also articles in French newspapers about a race in Marseille in 1927. There is a 1934 article about "Les Trois Sports" (the three sports) in the city of La Rochelle, a race with: (1) a channel crossing (c. 200 m), (2) a bike competition (10 km) around the harbor of La Rochelle and the parc Laleu, and (3) a run (1200 m) in the stadium André-Barbeau.

Supplements for Endurance Athletes